বৈশ্বিক গণতন্ত্র সূচক ও বাংলাদেশ

ˆewk¦K MYZš¿ m~PK I evsjv‡`k

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১.

m¤úªwZ we‡k¦ ¯^vaxb iv󪸇jvi A‡bK †`‡kÑ hviv B‡Zvc~‡e© MYZvwš¿K ivóª wQ‡jvÑ MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’v GKUv cÖ_vMZ e¨vcv‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i MYZvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z †h ai‡Yi kvmbe¨e¯’v I ivwóªK Av`©k _vKvi K_v Zv A‡bK †`‡kB gvi Lv‡”Q| GUv‡K M‡elKMY ej‡Qb, ÔMYZ‡š¿i fvUvÕ| Ô†dqvi B‡jKkbÕ _vK‡jI †mUv bvMwiK‡`i †_‡K ÿgZv nvZ Kivi Rb¨ GK ai‡Yi cÖZviYvq cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| MYZvwš¿K †`k¸‡jv‡Z MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi Dci kvmK‡Mvôxi c‡ivÿ I cÖZ¨vÿ wbqš¿Y jÿ Kiv hv‡”Q| hw`I kvmK‡Mvôx MYZvwš¿K c×wZ‡ZB wbe©vwPZ nq| GUv‡K j¨vwi WvqgÛ ej‡Qb, Ôd¨vjvwm Ae B‡j‡±vivwjRgÕ, evsjvq hvi A_© Ô`uvovq wbe©vPbx cÖZviYvÕ| m¤úªwZ GB cÖZviYv Dbœqbkxj I DbœZ A‡bK †`‡kB †`Lv hv‡”Q| Avi ÔZ…Zxq we‡k¦i †`k¸‡jv‡ZÕ MYZvwš¿K cwiw¯’wZ eive‡ii g‡ZvÑ `y GKUv e¨wZµg ev‡`Ñ wb¤œgyLx| G cwiw¯’wZ ïiæ nq 2007 mv‡ji ci †_‡KB| Z‡e 2013 mvj †_‡K G cwiw¯’wZ Avi †eM cvq| †m †cÖwÿ‡Z ˆewk¦K MYZvwš¿K cwiw¯’wZ RwicKvix AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi Z_¨ I we‡kølY¸‡jv Avgv‡`i †`kxq I we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki MYZš¿ eyS‡Z mnvqK n‡e|

2.

bqv eQ‡ii ïiæ‡Z hy³ivR¨-wfwËK mvßvwnK cwÎKv `¨ BK‡bvwg÷-Gi M‡elYv wefvM BK‡bvwg÷ B‡›Uwj‡RÝ BDwbU (BAvBD) ˆewk¦K MYZš¿ m~P‡Ki 2019 mv‡ji cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| cÖwZ‡e`‡b eive‡ii g‡Zv evsjv‡`‡ki MYZš¿ m~PK wb‡qI K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki wgwWqv cvovq G wb‡q  Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbv Pj‡Q| we‡kl K‡i MZ 30 wW‡m¤^i (2018) GKv`k RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi ci wbe©vPb wN‡i †h weZ©b m„wó n‡q‡Q †m †cÖwÿ‡Z BAvBD-Gi cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`bwU †ek mvov †d‡j‡Q| BAvBD-Gi Z_¨ g‡Z, Gevi evsjv‡`k MYZš¿ m~P‡K MZ eQ‡ii Zzjbvq 0.14 †¯‹vi †ewk †c‡q Pvi avc GwM‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡e`b g‡Z, 5 `kwgK 57 †¯‹vi wb‡q evsjv‡`k 165wU †`‡ki g‡a¨ 88Zg ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| MZ eQi G †¯‹vi wQj 5 `kwgK 43 Ges †`‡ki Ae¯’vb wQj 92Zg| G eQ‡ii m~P‡K ejv n‡”Q, `wÿY Gwkqvi †`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ fviZ I kÖxj¼v ev‡` Avi evwK †`k¸‡jviÑ fzUvb, †bcvj, cvwK¯Ívb, AvdMvwb¯Ívb I wgqvbgviÑ PvB‡Z evsjv‡`k GwM‡q Av‡Q| BAvBD 2018 mv‡j †`‡ki MYZ‡š¿i cuvPwU wel‡qi Dci wbwiÿY Pvwj‡q ˆewk¦K †cÖÿc‡U evsjv‡`‡k MYZš¿ Pvi avc GwM‡q‡Q e‡j Rvbv‡”Q| BAvBD †h cuvPwU wel‡qi Dci M‡elYv Pwj‡q‡Q Zv n‡”Q- wbe©vPbx e¨e¯’v I eû`jxq Ae¯’vb, miKv‡ii mwµqZv, ivR‰bwZK AskMÖnY, ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ Ges bvMwiK AwaKvi| Z‡e Gevi †¯‹vi †ewk †c‡q Pvi avc AMÖMwZ n‡jI we‡k¦i MYZvwš¿K †`‡ki ZvwjKvq evsjv‡`‡ki VuvB nqwb|

ছবিঃ সংগৃহীত

 `¨ BK‡bvwg÷ cwÎKvi M‡elYv wefvM BAvBD 2006 mvj †_‡K GB Rwic K‡i Avm‡Q| 2011 mvj ch©šÍ cÖwZ `y eQi AšÍi Rwic Ki‡jI Gici †_‡K cÖwZeQi Rwic ïiæ K‡i| BAvBD RwicK…Z †`k¸‡jvi kvmbe¨e¯’v we‡kølY K‡i †`k¸‡jv‡K PviwU K¨vUvMwi‡Z wef³ K‡iÑ c~Y© MYZš¿, ÎæwUc~Y© MYZš¿, nvBweªW †iwRg Ges ˆ¯^iZvwš¿K kvmbe¨e¯’v| cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvb`ЇK 0 †_‡K 10 ch©šÍ †¯‹v‡ii g‡a¨ †i‡L Mo K‡i wnmve Kiv nq| Ges cÖvß †¯‹v‡ii wfwˇZ †`k¸‡jv‡K Dcihy³ PviwU K¨vUvMwii †Kvb GKwU ¯’vb †`qv nq| 9 †_‡K 10 †¯‹vi cÖvß †`k¸‡jv‡Z c~Y© MYZš¿, 7 †_‡K 8 †¯‹vi cÖvß †`k¸‡jv‡Z ÎæwUc~Y© MYZš¿, 5 †_‡K 6 †¯‹vi cÖvß †`k¸‡jv‡Z nvBweªW †iwRg Ges 0 †_‡K 4 †¯‹vi cÖvß †`k¸‡jv‡Z ˆ¯^iZš¿ kvmb weivR Ki‡Q| GB wnmve g‡Z, 20wU †`‡k c~Y© MYZš¿, 55wU †`k ÎæwUc~Y© MYZš¿, 39wU †`‡k nvBweªW †iwRg Ges 53wU †`‡k ˆ¯^iZvwš¿K kvmb weivR Ki‡Q|

BAvBD Gi fvl¨ g‡Z c~Y© MYZvwš¿K †`‡ki ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q, †h †`‡k bvMwiK AwaKvi I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi  msiwÿZ _vK‡e| Ges Ggb ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ _vK‡e hv‡Z MYZvwš¿K bxwZ¸‡jv weKvk cvq, MYZvwš¿K AwaKv‡ii c~Y© PP©v _v‡K| c~Y© MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’vi Dcv`vb¸‡jv n‡”QÑ ¯^vaxb wePvi wefvM, miKv‡ii ÿgZvi fvimvg¨ I c~Y© Revew`wnZv, MYgva¨‡gi ¯^vaxbZv I ˆewPÎ| ÎæwUc~Y© MYZvš¿ n‡”Q, †hLv‡b wKQz wKQz e¨wZµg ev‡` wbe©vPb Aeva I myôz nq, kvmK‡kÖwY bvMwiK AwaKv‡i m¤§vb †`Lvq I iÿv K‡i| ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ AweKwkZ Ges kvmbe¨e¯’v ÎæwUc~Y©| nvBweªW †iwR‡g wbe©vPb c×wZ‡Z ÎæwU _vKvi d‡j Aeva I myôz wbe©vPb m¤¢e bv| GLv‡b wbe©vPb nq †jvK †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l myôz n‡jI ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv dj wb‡q mš‘ó nq bv| miKvwi `j wbe©vPbx dj AbyK~‡j Avbvi Rb¨ me mgq wbe©vPb wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z Pvq| wbe©vPbx mwnsmZv cÖ_vMZ iƒc †bq| ÿgZvmxb `j ÿgZv KiZjMZ K‡i ivL‡Z Pvq| hvi d‡j we‡ivax `j¸‡jvi Dci Ab¨vqfv‡e ivR‰bwZK wbcxob Pvjvq| wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv †bB, _vK‡jI mxwgZ| †`‡ki me©¯Í‡i e¨vcK `yb©xwZ we`¨gvb| kvmK‡kÖwY MYgva¨‡gi weiæ‡× nqivwb I wbh©vZb K‡i Ges me mgq Pv‡c iv‡L| miKv‡ii mgv‡jvPbv mn¨ÿgZv Kg _v‡K, MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv †g‡b †bq bv, mgv‡jvPbvKvix‡`i miKv‡ii I iv‡óªi kÎæ wn‡e‡m wPwýZ Kiv nq Ges mgv‡jvPK‡`i Dci wewfbœfv‡e wbcxob I nqivwb Pvjvq| A‡bK mgq MYgva¨‡g Ô†mî †mÝiwkcÕ Av‡ivc K‡i| nvBweªW †iwR‡g wmwfj †mvmvBwU‡K `ye©j K‡i ivLv nq| Zv‡`i cÖwZ miKv‡ii †ivl _v‡K| kvmK‡kÖwY bvMwiK AwaKv‡i m¤§vb †`Lvq bv Ges wewfbœ ARynv‡Z n¯Ív‡ÿc K‡i| ivóªx evwnbx¸‡jv `jxqKiY n‡q hvq| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î miKvi KZ©„Z¡ev`x AvPiY K‡i| ˆ¯^iZvwš¿K kvmb n‡”Q, †hLv‡b eû`‡ji ivRbxwZ Abycw¯’Z| ivóª cwiPvjbv nq ivRZvwš¿K wbq‡g ev GKbvq‡Ki Awa‡b| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb _vK‡jI Zv bvg gvÎ| kvmK‡kÖwY KZ…©K †`‡ki wbivcËv †`vnvB ev Dbœq‡bi bv‡g B”Qv g‡Zv bvMwiK AwaKv‡i n¯Ív‡ÿc Kiv GKUv mvaviY e¨vcvi| wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv _v‡K bv| wbe©vPb nq bv, hw`I ev nq Zv †jvK †`Lv‡bv gvÎ| MYgva¨g _v‡K Kov wbqš¿‡Y| miKvi mgv‡jvPbv mn¨ K‡i bv Ges mgv‡jvPbv Kivi †Kv‡bv my‡hvMI _v‡K bv|

BAvBD-Gi kvmbe¨e¯’vi we‡kølYv‡jv‡K evsjv‡`‡k nvBweªW †iwRg ¯Í‡i i‡q‡Q e‡j D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡e`b Av‡jv‡K, MYZš¿ m~P‡K G ch©šÍ evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P †¯‹vi wQj 6 `kwgK 11 (ÎæwUc~Y© MYZš¿)| GB †¯‹vi wQj 2006 mv‡j| 2008 †_‡K evsjv‡`k nvBweªW †iwRgÕi ZvwjKv fz³ nq| GeQi †¯‹vi wKQzUv evo‡jI GLbI nvBweªW †iwRg fz³ †`ki ZvwjKv‡ZB i‡q‡Q|

3.

hy³ivóª-wfwËK M‡elYv cÖwZôvb wd«Wg nvDm MZ eQi (2018) Ô‡W‡gv‡µwm Bb µvBwmÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡i| cÖwZôvbwU †`‡ki bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi, MYgva¨‡gi ¯^vaxbZv Ges AvB‡bi kvmb we‡ePbvq we‡k¦i †`k¸‡jv‡K wZbwU K¨vUvMwi‡Z fvM K‡i‡Q| h_v- gy³, AvswkK gy³ Ges G‡Kev‡iB gy³ bq| wd«Wg nvDm 195wU †`‡ki Dci G Rwic Pvwj‡q‡Q| Zv‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q, 25 kZvsk †`k ÔG‡Kev‡i gy³ bqÕ, 30 kZvsk †`k ÔAvswkK gy³Õ Ges 45 kZvsk †`‡k Ôgy³ MYZvwš¿KÕ| GB wnmve g‡Z, we‡k¦i 37 kZvsk gvbyl evm K‡i ÔG‡Kev‡i gy³ bqÕ Ggb †`‡k, 24 kZvsk evm K‡i ÔAvswkK gy³Õ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges 39 kZvs‡ki evm Ôgy³ MYZvwš¿KÕ †`‡k| wd«Wg nvD‡mi cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`‡b evsjv‡`k‡K AvswkK gy³ †`‡ki ZvwjKvq ¯’vb w`‡qwQj| ˆewkó¨MZ w`K †_‡K hv A‡bKUv KZ…©Z¡ev`x iv‡óªi g‡Zv| wd«Wg nvDm ej‡Q, 1987 mvj †_‡K 2007 mvj mvj ch©šÍ ˆewk¦K MYZvwš¿K cwiw¯’wZ wQ‡jv fv‡jv| Gmgq gy³ †`‡ki nvi µgea©gvb wQ‡jv| wKš‘, 2007 mvj †_‡K G cwiw¯’wZ cv‡ë †h‡Z _v‡K|

2018 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m Rvg©vb-wfwËK M‡elYv cÖwZôvb Ô‡ei‡Ujg¨vb w÷dUzsÕ we‡k¦i 129wU †`‡ki evRvi A_©bxwZ Ges mykvm‡bi Ae¯’v wb‡q GKwU wi‡cvU© cÖKvk K‡i| GB cÖwZôvbwUI 2006 mvj †_‡K wbqwgZfv‡e ˆewk¦K kvmbe¨e¯’vi Dci wi‡cvU© cÖKvk K‡i Avm‡Q| 2018 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ mgxÿvq evsjv‡`‡ki Ae¯’vb 80Zg| D³ wi‡cv‡U© ejv nq, 58wU †`k GLb ˆ¯^ikvm‡Ki Awa‡b| 71wU †`k MYZvwš¿K kvmb we`¨gvb| cÖwZôvbwU 2015 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi †_‡K 2017 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi ch©šÍ mg‡q mgxÿvq evsjv‡`‡k, †jevbb, †gvRvw¤^K, wbKviv¸qv Ges DMvÛv- GB cuvPwU †`‡ki K_v we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i ejv nq †h, †`k¸‡jv‡Z GLb Avi MYZ‡š¿i b~b¨Zg gvb`Ð ch©šÍ gvbv n‡”Q bv| cÖwZ‡e`‡b Av‡iv ejv nq, Gme †`‡k eû eQi a‡i wKQzUv MYZvwš¿K kvmb Pj‡jI µ‡g MYZš¿‡K ÿzbœ Kiv nw”Qj| hw`I evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÿ †_‡K Ô‡ei‡Ujg¨vb w÷dUzsÕi cÖwZ‡e`b cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb| Ges wi‡cvU©wU‡K D‡Ïk¨cÖ‡Yvw`Z e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

4.

MYZš¿ GKwU cÖ‡qvMxK gZev`| †Kvb †`‡k MYZvwš¿K kvmb Av‡Q wK †bB †mUv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ M‡elKMY `ywU c×wZ Aej¤^b K‡i _v‡Kb| cÖ_gwU, vertical accountability| wØZxqwU n‡”Q, horizontal ccountability| cÖ_‡gv³ c×wZi mv‡_ MYgvby‡li cÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i welq RwoZ| cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj c×wZ‡Z †`Lv nq wbe©vPb KZUv myôz I wbi‡cÿ n‡jv, wbe©vP‡bi ÎæwUi e¨vcv‡i mgm¨v gyw³i cwigvY wba©viY Kiv nq Ges Gi Dci wfwË K‡i weivRgvb MYZ‡š¿i gvb wbY©q Kiv nq| Av‡iv †`Lv nq, mgq g‡Zv wbe©vPb n‡”Q wK bv, wbe©vPb Kwgkb wbi‡cÿ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i wK bv, mve©Rbxb †fvUvwaKvi wbwðZ nq wK bv, gvby‡li gZcÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv KZUzKz, gvbyl wbwe©‡Nœ msMwVZ n‡Z cv‡i wK bv, bvMwiKMY ¯^vaxbfv‡e cQ›` Abyhvqx ivR‰bwZK `‡j †hvM w`‡Z cv‡i wK bv, me ivR‰bwZK `j ¯^xq ivR‰bwZK Kg©KvÐ Avev‡a cvjb K‡i Ki‡Z cv‡i wK bv Ges Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK g¨vwb‡d‡÷v cÖPv‡i KZUv evavnxb, wePvi wefvM I msev` gva¨‡gi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡Q wK bv BZ¨Kvi welq| hv GKwU MYZvwš¿K †`‡k Rbg‡Zi myôz cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g MY cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj bZzb msm` MV‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©¨|

wØZxqZ, horizontal ccountability gvb`‡Ð †`Lv nq GKwU MYZvwš¿K †`‡k wbe©vwPZ miKvi †`k cwiPvjbvq MYZ‡š¿i cÖwZ KZUv `vqe×| GLv‡b we‡eP¨ welq¸‡jv n‡”QÑ iv‡óªi MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb¸‡jv ¯^vaxb wK bv, cÖwZwU miKvwi cÖwZôvb, gš¿Yvjq, wePvi wefvM, msev` gva¨g ¯^vaxbZv †fvM K‡i wK bv, kvmK‡kÖwYi cÿ †_‡K `jgZ wbwe©‡k‡l mvaviY RbMY ivóª cÖ`Ë †mev Dchy³fv‡e cvq wK bv, mKj bvMwi‡Ki b¨vq wePvi cvIqvi AwaKvi Db¥y³ wK bv, kvmK‡kÖwY mvgvwRK mgZv I gvbweK mgh©v`vq ¸iæZ¡ †`q wK bv, RvwZMZfv‡e mKj msL¨vjNy †kÖwYi cÖwZ miKvi h‡_vcy³ `vwqZ¡kxj wK bv BZ¨Kvi welq| Dcihy³  welq¸‡jv miKvi MV‡bi c‡i we‡eP¨| Gi gva¨‡g ÿgZvmxb `j MYZvwš¿K wK bv Zv cÖgvwYZ nq| Ges MYZvwš¿K kvmK hvPvB‡qi D‡jøwL c×wZ `ywUi Av‡jv‡K GUvI cÖgvwYZ nq †h †`kwU MYZvwš¿K wK bv|

5.

ˆewk¦K MYZš¿ m~PK RixcKvix ms¯’v¸‡jvi cÖ`Ë Z_¨ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki Rb¨ †Kv‡bv myLKi Lei bq| we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki MYZš¿ wb‡q 2014 mv‡ji ci †_‡K AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q e¨vcK †bwZevPK mgv‡jvPbv †`Lv hv‡”Q| 2018 mv‡ji 30 wW‡m¤^‡ii GKv`k RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi ci we‡k¦i cÖfvekvjx msev` gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki wbe©vPbx MYZš¿ wb‡q D‡ØM cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewewm Gev‡ii wbe©vP‡bi e¨vcK KviPzwci Z_¨ AvšÍR©vwZK A½‡b cÖKvk Kivi ci BBD, RvwZmsNmn Ab¨vb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡k MYZ‡š¿i fwel¨r wb‡q †ek D‡ØM Rvwb‡q‡Q| †h D‡Ø‡Mi h‡_ó KviY Avgiv Dc‡i cÖ`Ë wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK M‡elYv cÖwZôv‡bi M‡elYv †_‡K cvw”Q|

Dcihy³ wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v I M‡elYv cÖwZôvb ˆewk¦K MYZš¿ m~P‡K evsjv‡`‡ki MYZš¿ wb‡q †h gZ w`‡”Q †mUvi mZ¨Zv hvPvB‡qi gvb`Ð G‡`‡ki mvaviY RbMY| GKwU MYZvwš¿K †`‡k bvMwiK‡`i †h ai‡Yi AwaKvi cvIqvi K_v evsjv‡`‡k Zv cv‡”Q wK bv †mUv AvšÍR©vwZK M‡elYv cÖwZôv‡bi PvB‡Z G‡`‡ki gvbyl AwaK ÁvZ| GKwU †`‡k MYZvwš¿K kvmb Av‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ †h mKj welq Dc‡i D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q †m gvb`и‡jv we‡ePbvq wb‡q †`‡ki MYZvwš¿K Ae¯’vb g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki RbM‡Yi gZ-B n‡”Q P~ovšÍ| Ges cÖvß d‡ji wfwˇZ Zviv †h wm×šÍ wb‡e †mUvB n‡e evsjv‡`k MYZvwš¿K wK bv Zvi cÖgvY|

G †ÿ‡ÎI cÖkœ D‡V †h, Avgv‡`i †`‡ki RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ kZKiv KZ kZvsk MYZ‡š¿i wkÿv m¤ú‡K© b~b¨Zg Ávb ev aviYv iv‡L? Avi RbmsL¨vi †h AskwU MYZvwš¿K g‡bvfve †cvlY K‡i †`‡ki mvwe©K we‡ePbvq MYZvwš¿K cwiw¯’wZi g~j¨vqb cÖKvk Kivi †ÿ‡Î Zviv KZUv ¯^vaxb? Gme wbg©g ev¯ÍeZv‡K A¯^xKvii Kivi †Ruv bvB| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki Rb msL¨vi e„nr Ask MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’v I MYZ‡š¿i wkÿv m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z †M‡j cÖvq AÁ| Avi hviv wKQzUv Abyaveb Ki‡Z mÿg Zv‡`i ¯^vaxbZvI †bB| ZvB Avgv‡`i †`‡k MYZš¿ Av‡Q wK †bB GUv G‡`‡ki gvbyl Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi †h Ask cv‡i ZvivI gyL dz‡U cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Ny‡i G‡m ej‡Z nq AvšÍR©vwZK RwicKvix cÖwZôvbB A‡bK mgq fimv n‡q `uvovq| wKš‘ ÿgZv hv‡`i `L‡j Zviv `vw¤¢KZvi mv‡_B Gme cÖZvL¨vb K‡i _v‡Kb| GB Avgv‡`i MYZš¿|

wR. †K. mvw`K

mvsevw`K I Kjvg †jLK

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